Tuesday, November 30, 2010

James Hansen's talk at IAS Princeton

A friendly correspondent of mine located at Princeton has reminded me of a talk that James Hansen of Columbia University gave at the Institute for Advanced Studies in Princeton, the place where Einstein worked and that still employs some of the smartest people on the planet, including a powerful group of string theorists.

The 70-minute talk by the man who was repeatedly arrested in recent months and years - a rather unusual fact about a speaker at the IAS - was given on November 19th:
Human-made climate change: a moral, political, and legal issue (click)

Watch online, download low-res, download high-res
In the words of the person who told me about the talk - and who attended it - it was very strange.




And after I watched it, I agree, especially if I try to compare this talk to regular scientific talks or even colloquia.

From the very beginning, Hansen made lots of bold statements about the "planetary emergency" and horrible things waiting in the pipeline unless we reduce the CO2 concentration from 390 ppm to 350 ppm (a randomly chosen nonsensical number that is lower than 390 ppm) but he hasn't provided the listeners with something that they are used to from pretty much all the talks at their institute, namely evidence or a story that makes at least some sense.

Instead, the IAS researchers could repeatedly see photographs of Hansen's grandchildren who have admittedly inherited certain ugly and visibly non-cute features from their granddad. At some moment, you can watch a picture of Sophie for minutes. Hansen argues that it's partly right to call him the "grandfather of global warming" because he is a grandfather.

Additional ugly pictures of children are shown and given silly captions. Two little bastards, Sophie and Connor, are claimed to evaluate the radiative forcings. ;-) A traditional way to abuse the children - something that is even more widespread in Islam than it is in AGW.

Hansen claims that the Earth is "out of balance", without explaining whether it should be usual for a planet to be at balance, how much imbalanced it normally is, and what is the error bar of his current estimate. Clearly, the talk is optimized for people who never ask any sensible questions. Not sure whether the IAS folks were the right audience, however.

New pictures of grandkids follow. Somewhat prettier than before. Sophie is writing one of her first letters to President Obama now. She asked Barack: "Why don't you listen to my grandfather?" Meanwhile, the grandfather considers this argument "very clever", using his standards. Hansen told us that even the greenest countries such as Norway suck: imagine, they fund tar sands instead of using perpetual-motion machines to get the energy they need.



Remotely related: James Hansimian, a chimp, didn't beat NOAA in his hurricane predictions this year. Via NCPPR.

On another picture, Connor joins Hansen and Sophia and they celebrate the very good letter mentioned above. Congratulations. Hansen must be really proud. :-)

Hansen's mood rapidly deteriorates at 18:05; he has to return to the science. Superficial tautological statements are made about the sources of information - history, present, models. Global temperatures going back 65 million years ago were shown: there were no ice sheets prior to 40 million years before Christ.

Preposterous statements that all these changes were caused by CO2 are soon fixed: he admits that the orbital motion is the main cause. But he returns to the preposterous statement quickly. He doesn't feel any urge to even try to produce some evidence that CO2 mattered. Whenever it's clear that something is not caused by CO2, he mentions that CO2 has to be a powerful feedback - against, with no evidence. It's just some "mandatory baggage" that has to be added everywhere to skew the truth and that cannot be questioned.

Hansen promotes his crackpot pet theory of the sliding ice that will simply walk to the ocean - a hypothetical process that definitely doesn't decide about the fate of the ice sheets. Listeners had to go through a long and standard litany about melting glaciers, wildfires, coral reefs, ocean acidification, and others. At this point, his talk really picks comic proportions. He shows the list of all these hypothetical "catastrophes" - [here a miracle occurs] - and "derives" that each of them implies that the "right" CO2 concentration should be between 300 and 350 ppm to "preserve creation". Holy cow.

Could you please be more specific about the step 2 in the calculation, Mr Hansen?

Again, we simply cannot burn the available fossil fuels, he says. We can't burn the coal, we can't burn the unconventional fossil fuels. Well, be sure that we almost certainly will. Again, we learn that even Norway, the greenest country, is controlled by Big Oil. Well, it has to be so because the whole modern civilization depends on energy, Mr Hansen.

Hansen actually realizes that the cheapest fuels will be burned if they're the cheapest source. Of course, it's just like Newton's law of gravity, so the "right" solution he proposes is to distort the market in so gigantic ways so that they're no longer cheap. He wants a fee to be paid for mining or important fossil fuels. In fact, he also wants the fee to keep on increasing until the economies are happily devastated. The money should be given to the U.S. citizens to adapt to the fact that they must live without energy. In his viewpoint, it's better than cap-and-trade.

Two previously undisclosed grandchildren have totally distracted Mr Hansen while he was explaining that "China is going to suffer most from climate change" - what a piece of crap, by the way. We're promised that aside from the four grandchildren, we will also see Hansen's wife. I don't think that he has fulfilled the promise.

The grandson Jake is a gentle giant. He's among the top 1% biggest kids of his age, we learn. You need to be a top IAS researcher to understand this talk. If we allow Jake to grow under business-as-usual, he will be 2 meters tall. That's unacceptable so Jake must be made starving and hungry - that's how I understood Hansen's bizarre mixture of the two topics.

By now, we have acquired a deeper knowledge about Hansen's grandkids than their parents have.

Jefferson's "Earth belongs to the living" is totally misinterpreted - really inverted to its negation. Jefferson clearly meant that you can't allow dead and future people to vote about the decisions about the present. Only the present generations can decide. Jefferson surely did not mean that the rights of hypothetical people in the future should be taken into account now. He mainly wanted to say that the debts calculated by the previous - currently dead - generations shouldn't determine the lives of the present generation (a point I only partially share, but that's clearly unrelated to our relationship with the future generations).

Governments shouldn't be allowed to decide about their levels of carbon regulation. Courts should tell them that they are obliged to destroy the economies completely, Hansen argues. Thanks, the talk is over. Thank God.

Maldacena's question

The question-and-answers period began. Juan Maldacena, the author of what most top people in high-energy physics consider the greatest breakthrough of theoretical physics in the last 15 years (the 1997 AdS/CFT correspondence), among a hundred of other papers, asks whether geoengineering is a suitable alternative solution to the extra taxes and duties that Hansen has promoted.

Now, we agreed with my contact at IAS that Hansen probably doesn't know who Maldacena even is. This is a crazy world given the fact that Hansen, a random average activist employed in an inferior discipline of physical sciences, is now known to Maldacena.

Hansen answers that we are "already doing geoengineering" by emitting CO2. Well, it is not quite a Maldacena-level-sophisticated geoengineering, I guess. ;-) Carbon sequesteration is the only acceptable geoengineering for Hansen. He admits that aerosols etc. could cool the planet but it would not solve the ocean acidification problem or the main problem he truly cares about, namely how to cripple the world economy.

Unless the price is high, we will consume the fossil fuels, Hansen correctly says. It's as clear as the law of gravity; however, Hansen didn't manage to describe the situation of gravity from the boundary CFT, gauge-theoretical perspective. ;-)

Instead of talking about the topic of the question - geoengineering - Hansen returns to his mentally ill delusions about collapsing ice sheets and other tragedies that have nothing to do with the question. He is really incapable to focus on science.

He eventually returns to the question and says that "covering one pollutant by another is not a sensible thing to do". That's it. However, he immediately stops thinking about any technicalities and returns to his clichés that energy has to be expensive so that people don't "waste" it.

Population growth

The second question, by a female listener, was about the population growth. How does it fit into your picture? Hansen is "optimistic" because the population growth is slowed down. Even the population in China, which allows 2 children to the people born in the 1-child policy era, will continue to decline. Only the poor countries keeps on growing but it's "solvable". Many children become "unpopular" among women once they are educated, he adds when a new question is already being asked.

The duties that are collected on the borders should be sent to the poor countries - previously, he said that they should be given to the U.S. citizens to adapt to a life without a cheap energy. But the money shouldn't flow to arbitrary poor countries. They should be paid to poor countries' projects to decelerate or decimate their own populations to create a "sustainable Earth". Holy cow, this guy is a complete loon.

Another question

I haven't understood what this man really meant. He referred to the first slide about the expert-public gap. However, what's the question? The man asked something about how affirmative action may address the expert-public knowledge gap? Holy crap, how is it supposed to work? Affirmative action may indeed reduce the gap because more incompetent people may "officially" become experts. Well, it has already happened in climate science.

Hansen complains that the Big Oil has done a terrific job in convincing the people that they don't want the economies to collapse and that the scientists are making stuff up to get more research grants. Indeed, it's probably not too difficult to do a good job in explaining these self-evident facts.

James Hansen says that the situation is much better in China because the government can simply s*it on the citizens and manipulate with their opinions but it's much worse in the U.S. with the f*cking democracy. See also Hansen's op-ed praising the Chinese communists and his comparison of China with the barbarians - the worst ones are not even communists, could you believe?

But he thinks that they have to use the democratic process, too. That's why he bribed and forced his granddaughter to write a letter to the U.S. president saying that Obama is obliged to obey the granddad's orders - aside from the Chinese democracy, it is the closest thing to "democracy" that Hansen may imagine. ;-)

New Real Climate blog

Another female participant asks why there can't be a fabulous blog that answers all the questions - something like "Factcheck.org", she says. Well, the answer is that such a blog already exists. Dozens of them. The more details are being analyzed on the Internet, or anywhere outside the intellectually rotten corners of the AGW religious cult, for that matter, the more clear it becomes that the likes of Hansen are fanatical, deluded, and dishonest crooks.

So dear lady, as Hansen knows very well, the right solution that improves the propagation of this ideology is not to create new websites but, following the example of non-democratic countries, to prevent the citizens from learning the truth and from talking or thinking about the issues rationally. Censorship, blackmailing, and harassment are indeed the only tools to make your lies - or any lies - systematically spread. Yes, that's how Michael Mann and others have been approaching the problem at least for a decade.

The lady even proposes that Rush Holt, a Democratic Congressman who attended the IAS lecture, should become responsible for creating the "website of the only allowed truth".

Hansen says that the only thing that should matter is a political declaration of the holiest scientific institution, the National Academy of Sciences, which would always approve Hansen's own delusions, he thinks. But Obama didn't ask the Academy to do so. Clearly, Hansen is totally avoiding the question - about a new website - once again. Instead, out of context, he attacks dirty jobs of the miners.

One more attack against Norway and tar sands is added - away from any context of the question. A Norwegian politician wrote Hansen that it's not government's job to interfere with the commercial sector's decisions. That drove Hansen up the wall: what the government is good for if it can't screw private subjects at will? Every good government of Lenin, Stalin, and Mao Zedong was doing such things all the time. Stalin has even executed 40 million inconvenient people - and the Norwegian government is unable to even destroy one f*cking tar sand company? Hansen is deeply disappointed.

Money balance

A man asks why (Hansen thinks that) there is more money on the "dirty side". Shouldn't the insurance companies etc. be stimulated to fight against climate change?

The reality is, of course, that there are vastly more money on the alarmist side than the skeptic side of the debate. That was also the reason why California recently insanely preserved its dinosaur law to regulate the carbon: the champions of the regulation have outspent its foes by a large factor. In the scholarly and think-tank spheres, the funding for the alarmists outweighs the funding for the realists by three orders of magnitude.

Hansen says that there is money on both sides and the stalemate is enough for the skeptics to win. I actually agree with him and thank God it is so. When he says that the media is more "fair and balanced", the far left part of the audience explodes in laughter.

Drought

A man is confused why people think that a warmer world would produce more drought. That seems to contradict some historical records - as well as common sense that a warmer world leads to more evaporation and more moisture.

Hansen argues that a warmer world enhances both extremes but he presents no real evidence for this bold statement - except for some anecdotal comment about the recent increase of 100-year floods. Clearly, such floods were not comprehensively monitored more than 100 years ago so one can't really calculate the trend.

To summarize, there could be some humanity types at the IAS who would find this talk OK but I think that the IAS scientists had to see that Hansen is not really one of them. He is not a scientist. He is a fanatically obsessed activist who has lost his ability to look at the world objectively decades ago.

And that's the memo.

“Allah is Mohammed’s Imaginary Friend”

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An EDL protester was recently fined £200 for “making offensive comments about Allah” during a demonstration in Leicester. Even though police officers and the EDL were the only ones able to hear what he said, the prosecution said people were “likely to be offended” and the police were “likely to have been alarmed”. His words were considered “threatening, abusive or insulting” and likely to cause “harassment, alarm or distress”. READ IT ALL HERE.

Why There are No Trends in Normalized Hurricane Losses

The graph above shows data on normalized US hurricane losses 1900 to 2009 and was presented in a talk I gave today.  Why is there no trend in the data?  The two graphs below explain why.  You can do the math.

There are no trends in normalized damage since 1900 because there are no trends in either hurricane landfall frequency (data from NOAA) or intensity (data from Chris Landsea through 2006) over that same period (but rather, a very slight decline in both cases).  If our normalization were to show a trend then it would actually have some sort of bias in it.  It does not, thus we can have confidence that the societal factors are well accounted for in the normalization methodology.

U.N. climate boss: at least the weather will be better

...than the freezing mess in Eurasia and America we will describe...

Christiana Figueres, executive secretary of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), made an unusually honest statement for a U.N. climatic crook while vacationing in Cancún, Mexico:
At least the weather will be better.
And Spiegel even managed to leak this sensitive diplomatic cable. ;-) Given the fact that the climate is nothing else than the weather scrutinized over longer timescales, one may also conclude that the climate would be better in a hypothetically warmer world.



Together with her fellow climatic bureaucratic parasites, Figueres is enjoying 28 °C which is, helpfully, equal to 82 °F in the Moon Palace resort above. The Europeans and Americans may compare "her weather" with the weather they are experiencing right now.




Well, without a loss of generality, much of the developed world sees the same thing as the United Kingdom. If you haven't guessed the purpose of the previous sentence, well, it was an introduction to a whining Briton:



They wonder whether their below-minus-twenty-degrees temperatures will break the records or not. See thousands of extra reports about the whining Britons. Another whining Briton complains that [but] the scientists claim that the world is too warm.

Most of Europe is experiencing snowfall and bad weather, too. In central France, a snowstorm led to record electricity use and blackouts. Flights are being canceled in the U.K. and Germany where bad weather is expected to last for five days. The Czech Republic is covered by snow, too: almost a foot was added overnight (also here in Pilsen). Important soccer matches may be canceled in Poland. Sweden braces for record freeze.



We may jump to other continents, too. Snow disrupts lives in China's Inner Mongolia.

The usual combination of snow, dropping temperatures, cold smack, and wind gusts came to Minnesota. It's not too unusual which is why Minnesotans are for Global Warming (M4GW).

Lake Tahoe on the border of California and Nevada reports 15 feet of snow. That's 4.5 meters if you wonder. Sub-freezing temperatures ice down Las Vegas Valley. From Ventura to San Diego counties in California, record cold temperatures were broken. Pecan (some nuts) growers in New Mexico believe that their cold snap will be great for harvest. It's chilly for folks in Phoenix, Arizona who had to take jackets.

Cold weather is on its way to Florida and Michigan, too.

Some people still don't understand the concept of numbers and subtraction. There is a different weather in Cancún and in Scotland - and this difference genuinely influences lives. However, the difference is +28-(-20) = 48 °C so. Nearly fifty degrees Celsius. Why is it so hard for so many people to see that 1-2 degrees that may hypothetically be added could be a "marginal positive" but would be irrelevant from any qualitative viewpoint?

Meanwhile, the 2010 Atlantic hurricane season is ending today. It was the strongest one since 2005 but still vastly weaker than 2005 - and getting the bronze medal. Also, the total damages were about USD 11 billion, more than 10 times lower than in 2005. Remarkably enough, the hurricanes have avoided the U.S. land for the first time. On the other hand, the Pacific has seen an unusually small number of typhoons and hurricanes.

Reuters offers 10 reasons why the Cancún talks will fail. Unfortunately, the key reason that should be there - namely that CAGW is complete nonsense - is not among them.

Tangram Giveaway from Monkey Pod Games!--and the winner is...Laks

And the winner is...#21..."Laks"...I'll be contacting you today!

Congratulations! And thank you to all who entered!!


Voting is now closed....

Monkey Pod Games has graciously donated a Tangram Set for a giveaway. This beautiful, high-quality, wooden set would make a great homeschool math activity as well as a fabulous gift! See my review here.

Enter to Win:

Prize (1): one Tangram Set from Monkey Pod Games. **Sorry, but U.S. shipping only.**



Contest Details:
Continues through November 30th. Contest ends at midnight on the 30th and a winner will be announced on December 1st after I've had coffee. I will choose a winner at random using Random.org.

How to enter:
Lots of ways! You may choose as many as you like from the following...up to 5 times! Leave a comment for EACH ENTRY with contact information

#1: Go to the Monkey Pod Facebook page, push "like," then post a comment here saying that you did it.

#2: Become a follower of my blog. Leave me a comment telling me that you are already a follower or that you've just joined. It'll make me grin.

#3: Go to Monkey Pod Games. Check out their products and comment here with the one that you'd most like to own and why.

#4: Tell your friends about the giveaway on Facebook, Twitter, or a listserve/forum. Leave a comment saying what you did, with a link if possible.

#5: Blog about this giveaway and link back to this page. Post a link to your blog entry.

Please make sure that I have a way to contact you...such as janedoe at gmail dot com. If I don't hear back from a real person within 24 hours, I'll draw again.

HERA excluded R-parity violating squarks up to 275-290 GeV

There are many experimental particle physics preprints on the arXiv today.

The CMS experiment at the LHC studies die photon Bremsstrahlung which may be useful for various future calibration purposes etc.



HERA tunnel

BABAR has looked at two-photon physics and complicated decays of charmonium states.

In a widely publicized result, ATLAS at the LHC publishes its results about the dijet asymmetry in lead-lead collisions. Some jets - fraternities of hadrons arising from a single quark or gluon - apparently lose lots of energy by going through a hot, dense medium. This QCD effect can't be seen in the proton-proton collisions.

A London physicist defends the "simple" measurement of all resonances between 1.91 GeV and 2.41 GeV.

D0 at the Tevatron measured the WW and WZ production. It all agrees with the Standard Model and excludes new W-prime bosons and Randall-Sundrum gravitons up to 700 GeV or so.

The Tevatron teams including both D0 and CDF publish their extended Higgs boson search. Taking 12/fb of combined p-pbar data into account and looking at many channels, they exclude the modest interval 158-175 GeV we've heard about previously.




Another paper linked to D0 at the Tevatron talks about soft QCD results.

But I personally find the search for squarks at HERA to be the most interesting paper. The LHC and the Tevatron are not the only two colliders whose data are still being evaluated. HERA at DESY, Germany - closed in 2007 - collided positrons or electrons with protons at the 319 GeV center-of-mass energy. Taking about 0.2/fb of data of each type, they excluded upper-type squarks below 275 GeV and lower-type squarks below 290 GeV at the 95% confidence level.

It makes some sense to call the squarks below this threshold or 300 GeV "light". So HERA has ruled out light squarks. Many SUGRA models predicts squarks below 1 TeV. With this HERA insight and related exclusions at the Tevatron, it is somewhat unlikely that squarks are already seen at the available LHC data.

However, as onymous has emphasized and I previously missed, the exclusion only applies to R-parity violating theories - so the result is far less interesting than argued above. Of course, I believe that R-parity is conserved, because the LSP should be the dark matter candidate etc. Even more seriously, they need to assume some strange lepton-violating couplings. You should ignore the last sentence of the previous paragraph. If I appreciated these "details", the HERA paper would probably not become the top hep-ex paper for me.

The 50/pb of proton-proton collisions per detector that the LHC has acquired so far is probably marginally exceeding the reach of the whole Tevatron in the search for new physics at this stage. It's still plausible that new physics is already seen in the data and will be presented during the winter conferences.

The Triumphant Child: Caring for your newborn Edited by Dr. Olson Huff and Nicole Rawson-Huff

Stars: *****

Sixty Second Parent (2009)
Adult Nonfiction
315 pages

Summary: Whether this is your first or your fourth baby, life with a newborn is an exciting yet challenging experience. Dr. Olson Huff and Nicole Rawson-Huff have joined with a team of leading pediatric specialists to provide everything you'll need to prepare and support you and your family as you make the huge leap from pregnancy to parenting. - from amazon.com

This is a great book for a first time mom who wants to know everything and anything about raising their child for the first 2 months.

It covers EVERYTHING:
First few days, newborn skin/reflexes/senses, temperament, milestones, comunication, bathing, circumcision, cord care, cradle cap, diapering, fontanelle (soft spot), nail care, finding a doctor, fever, baby's first visit to doctor, immunizations, breastfeeding, formula feeding, burping, reflux, elimination, crying, sleeping, swaddling, massage, bonding, taking care of mom, support, relationships (with spouse and other children), safety, car seats, sun/winter safety, multiples, premature babies, adopting, child care, fathers and more.

I'm pregnant with my third child now so I didn't read anything I didn't already know but then I'm a big reader. I could see this book being good even if it isn't your first child, especially if it's been a while. You may have forgotten things but also, parenting advice changes.

The book is easy to read and very easy to find a section if you are looking for information on something specific. The book is full of tips as well.

Links of Interest: The Triumphant Child, The Sixty Second Parent,

Other Reviews: NONE YET

Buy The Triumphant Child: Caring for your newborn at amazon.com and support SMS Book Reviews

WikiLeaks diplomatic cables: a summary

A young U.S. intelligence analyst - or anyone else - could have been behind the leak of 250,000 cables from U.S. embassies all over the world.

Whoever it was, he or she is obviously playing with fire and the WikiLeaks founder himself may be charged with espionage; Julian Assange is also investigated for rape in Sweden. More generally, it has both advantages and disadvantages to "measure" the intermediate stages of various processes. Note that in quantum mechanics, much like in diplomacy, such a measurement may influence the final results.

Obviously, the influence may be both "positive" as well as "negative", depending on whether the "secret work" is more constructive than the opinions of the interceptors who may interrupt it in the middle - which may include the whole public.

To get the honest quantum mechanical results for the original question, you must sum over all conceivable histories. It is often better for sensitive processes, research, and negotiations not to be interrupted and distracted in the middle.

However, once the diplomatic cables are published, I don't think that they're excessively shocking. We have still learned something, namely that




  1. behind the scenes, the U.S. administration has a somewhat tougher attitude to Iran than what we can see publicly; however, this attitude could still be included in the impotence category; Gates himself believes that an attack on Iran is hopeless without the U.S. and solves nothing even with the U.S.
  2. Israel is doing and thinking exactly what we publicly see; as far as the leaked documents go, the Jewish State may be described as the most honest country in the world
  3. Arab countries urge America to bomb Iran; they're clearly more afraid of their Muslim comrades than what they're ready to openly reveal
  4. Russia is also afraid of Iran and the big Slavic country is actually excited about the missile defense technology; it may be more excited than many Americans; Russia may try to build its own systems and/or shared systems with the U.S. or others
  5. Brazil didn't want to join war on terror
  6. China has abandoned the North Korean comrades; it's clear that China no longer considers the totalitarian "spoiled child" (Chinese term) a useful ally and it won't protest against the incorporation of North Korea into South Korea once the commies collapse - either spontaneously or in a stimulated way (e.g. by Japan, as the papers indicate); this is probably going to become the official policy, in fact
  7. the Czech Republic is working hard to strengthen the U.S. influence within the EU; that includes some help with the steps against the Iranian nuclear program; some people in Czechia find this finding surprising but I don't find it surprising at all; in fact, the trans-Atlantic link seems to be an official value promoted by the Czech foreign policy
  8. prince Charles is not in the same league as the Queen when it comes to his natural authority in the Commonwealth
  9. Berlusconi gives wild parties; Merkel is made out of teflon; Putin is an alpha male; the U.S. worries that the Argentine female president doesn't take enough psychiatric medication; Hamid Karzai's brother is probably corrupt and a drug dealer; Mugabe is a "crazy old man" (not only) in South Africa; Gaddafi was intimately close to a voluptuous Ukrainian nurse

Monday, November 29, 2010

Fabrications in Science

[UPDATE 12/6: Mickey Glantz has this to say on his Facebook page:
kevin trenberth MAY know science but to ask him to review this interdisciplinary assessment is a joke played on readers by Science's editors. scientists are angry because they are losing control of the climate issues to other disciplines and NGOs. I think i will write a review of the climate models and i wonder if Science will print it!]
You don't expect to pick up Science magazine and read an article that is chock full of fabrications and errors.  Yet, that is exactly what you'll find in Kevin Trenberth's review of The Climate Fix, which appears in this week's issue.

It is of course more than a little interesting that Science saw fit to ask one of my most vocal critics to review the book. Trenberth has been on the losing side of debates with me over hurricanes and disasters for many years.  But even so, I am quite used to the hardball nature of climate politics, and that reviewer choice by Science goes with the territory.  It says a lot about Science.  Trenberth's rambling and unhinged review is also not unexpected.  What is absolute unacceptable is that Trenberth makes a large number of factual mistakes in the piece, misrepresenting the book.

Science should publish a set of corrections.  Here is a list of Trenberth's many factual errors:

1. TRENBERTH: "An example that he might have mentioned, but does not, is President George W. Bush's 2001 rejection of the Kyoto Protocol on the grounds that it would hurt the economy. "
REALITY: Actually, Pielke discusses Bush's rejection of Kyoto on pp. 39 and 44
2. TRENBERTH: "Pielke treats economic and environmental gains as mutually exclusive"
REALITY: Not so.  From p. 50, "[A]ction to achieve environmental goals will have to be fully compatible with the desire of people around the world to meet economic goals.  There will be no other way."
3. TRENBERTH: "Pielke does not address the international lobbying for economic advantage inherent in the policy negotiations. "
REALITY: Wrong again.  The international economics of the climate debate are discussed on pp. 59, 65, 109, 219, 231, and 233 and are a theme throughout.
4. TRENBERTH: "He objects to Working Group III's favoring of mitigation (which is, after all, its mission) while ignoring Working Group II (whose mission is adaptation)."
REALITY: Again, not so. Chapter 5 is about the balance between  mitigation and adaptation in international policy and discusses both IPCC WG II and WG III (see pp. 153-155).  What Pielke objects to is defining adaptation as the consequences of failed mitigation.
5. TRENBERTH: "His claims that “the science of climate change becomes irrevocably politicized” because “[s]cience that suggested large climatic impacts on Russia was used to support arguments for Russia's participation in the [Kyoto] protocol”—as if there would be no such impacts and Russia would be a “winner”—look downright silly given the record-breaking drought, heat waves, and wildfires in Russia this past summer."
REALITY: Egregious misrepresentation.  Trenberth selectively uses half  of a quote to imply that Pielke was making a claim that he did not. The part left out by Trenberth (p. 156) was the counterpoint -- specifically that science that suggested few impacts on Russia was used in similar fashion by advocates to argue against the Kyoto Protocol.  Pielke concludes, "In this manner, the science of climate change becomes irreovocably politiciized , as partisans on either side of the debate selectively array bits of science that best support their position."
6. TRENBERTH: "Pielke stresses economic data and dismisses the importance of loss of life."
REALITY: Wrong again. Pielke discusses loss of life related to climate change on pp. 176-178
7. TRENBERTH: "Geoengineering is also dealt with by Pielke, but only briefly."
REALITY Not so. Pielke devotes an entire chapter to geoengineering (Chapter 5).
8. TRENBERTH: "[Pielke] does not address the practicality of storing all of the carbon dioxide."
REALITY: Again, wrong. Pielke addresses the practicality of carbon dioxide storage on pp. 133-134
And even with all these errors and false claims, Trenberth concludes that the book is on the right track:
"[P]rogressively decarbonizing the economy and adopting an approach of building more resiliency to climate events would be good steps in the right direction"
Anyone who has read The Climate Fix should also read Trenberth's review, as they will learn something about Science magazine and a part of climate science community.  As is said, politics ain't beanbag, and climate politics are no different.

New Peer-Reviewed Paper on Global Normalized Disaster Losses

The LSE Grantham Institute, funded by Munich Re (whose global loss data is shown above), has published a new peer-reviewed paper on normalized global disaster losses.
Eric Neumayer and Fabian Barthel, Normalizing economic loss from natural disasters: A global analysis, Global Environmental Change, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 18 November 2010, ISSN 0959-3780, DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2010.10.004.
The paper finds no evidence of upward trends in the normalized data.  From the paper (emphasis added):
"Independently of the method used,we find no significant upward trend in normalized disaster loss.This holds true whether we include all disasters or take out the ones unlikely to be affected by a changing climate. It also holds true if we step away from a global analysis and look at specific regions or step away from pooling all disaster types and look at specific types of disasters instead or combine these two sets of dis-aggregated analysis. Much caution is required in correctly interpreting these findings. What the results tell us is that, based on historical data, there is no evidence so far that climate change has increased the normalized economic loss from natural disasters."
This result would seem to be fairly robust by now.

Yet claims that global warming has led to increased disaster losses are a siren song to the media and advocates alike, with the most tenuous of claims hyped and the peer reviewed literature completely ignored.  I don't expect that to change.

An Evaluation of the Targets and Timetables of Proposed Australian Emissions Reduction Policies

My paper on Australian emissions reduction proposals has now been published.  Thanks to all those who provided comments on earlier versions. Here are the details:
Pielke, Jr., R. A. (2010), An evaluation of the targets and timetables of proposed Australian emissions reduction policies. Environmental Science & Policy , doi: 10.1016/j.envsci.2010.10.008 

 This paper evaluates Australia’s proposed emissions reduction policies in terms of the implied rates of decarbonization of the Australian economy for a range of proposed emissions reduction targets.The paper uses the Kaya Identity to structure the evaluation, employing both a bottom-up approach (based on projections of future Australian population, economic growth,and technology) as well as a top-down approach (deriving implied rates of decarbonization consistent with the targets and various rates of economic growth). Both approaches indicate that the Australian economy would have to achieve annual rates of decarbonization of 3.8–5.9% to meet a 2020 target of reducing emissions by 5%,15% or 25% below 2000 levels, and about 5% to meet a 2050 target of a 60% reduction below 2000 levels. The paper argues that proposed Australian carbon policy proposals present emission reduction targets that will be all but impossible to meet without creative approaches to accounting as they would require a level of effort equivalent to the deployment of dozens of new nuclear power plants or thousands of new solar thermal plants within the next decade.

Africa is Big

The Economist provides the maps above and a discussion of their origin from one Kai Krause, a graphics expert who is engaged in a battle against "immappancy."  It is a worthy battle.  In a standard Mercator projection, Africa is indeed deemphasized.  Even maps have politics.

Math DVDs for Gifts

In addition to the Math Toys, Gifts, and Games and Math Books for Kids, here are some fun Math DVDs to consider for Christmas.

Math DVDs

* The Story of One
* Donald in Mathmagic Land
* Multiplication Rock
* Flatland, the Movie

* Mathtacular by Justin Holzmann of Sonlight (I've not seen but has great reviews.)
* The Story of Math (I've not seen but has great reviews.)

[Note: If you're interested in purchasing any of these movies through Amazon, all commissions go toward foster care through Grace and Hope at no additional cost to you. THANK YOU! Also, I have no affiliation with any of the products above.]

Aynsley Kellow's Science and Public Policy Deeply Discounted

Aynsley Kellow has written to notify me that his excellent book, Science and Public Policy: The Virtuous Corruption of Virtual Environmental Science (2007, Edward Elgar), is on sale for $40, which is a full $70 off of its list price.

Here is a blurb from the book's website:
‘Crusading environmentalists won’t like this book. Nor will George W. Bush. Its potential market lies between these extremes. It explores the hijacking of science by people grinding axes on behalf of noble causes. “Noble cause corruption” is a term invented by the police to justify fitting up people they “know” to be guilty, but for whom they can’t muster forensic evidence that would satisfy a jury. Kellow demonstrates convincingly, and entertainingly, that this form of corruption can be found at the centre of most environmental debates. Highly recommended reading for everyone who doesn’t already know who is guilty.’

– John Adams, University College London, UK


Science and Public Policy
by Aynsley Kellow
Web link: http://www.e-elgar.com/Bookentry_Main.lasso?id=12839

Normally £59.95/$110.00  Special price $40/£25 + postage and packing

To order this book please email (with full credit card details and address):
sales@e-elgar.co.uk, or  on our website enter 'Kellowoffer' in the special
discount code box after entering your credit card details and the discount
will be taken off when the order is processed.
Contents:

Preface
1. The Political Ecology of Pseudonovibos Spiralis and the Virtuous Corruption of Virtual Science
2. The Political Ecology of Conservation Biology
3. Climate Science as ‘Post-normal’ Science
4. Defending the Litany: The Attack on The Skeptical Environmentalist
5. Sound Science and Political Science
6. Science and its Social and Political Context
Bibliography
Index

Quantitative Methods of Policy Analysis

In the upcoming Spring, 2011 term, I am teaching a graduate seminar titled "Quantitative Methods of Policy Analysis."  Here is a short course description:
ENVS 5120
Quantitative Methods of Policy Analysis


This course will survey a range of quantitative methodologies commonly used in applied policy analysis.  The course will cover the role of the analyst and analyses in policy making, formal models of the policy process, the role of quantification in problem definition, basic statistics and probability, data and its meaning (including uncertainties), projection and prediction, decision analysis and game theory, government budgeting, cost-benefit analysis, and graphical methods. The course will be organized around a textbook, individual semester-long projects and various problem sets. No prerequisites are necessary.
The course text will be Analyzing Public Policy: Concepts, Tools, and Techniques, 2nd Edition (2010), by Dipak K. Gupta.  The figure at the top of this post will be discussed on the first day of class.  There are seats available in the course, so if you are a CU student and interested in enrolling, please contact me.

How primary care doctors choose the specialists to refer their patients

Dr. Kirsch, a blogging gastroenterologist lists some of the reasons why certain medical specialists are chosen:

- Reciprocity - patients are referred in both directions
- Personal relationships
- Corporate enforcement keeping consultations within the network
- Economic pressure exerted by consultants to maintain referrals. I have seen this happen.
- Specialist willingness to do tests and procedures on request
- Habit
- Patient or family request

References:
How doctors choose which specialists they refer to. KevinMD.com
Image source: OpenClipArt.org, public domain.

365 Penguins...and Problem Solving

I first read 365 Penguins while preparing for my math and literature class. (*See note at bottom of post about the related Advent Calendar.)

I love it for it's problem solving possibilities. Since it also starts on New Year's Day, it's timely...

Summary: When a box containing a penguin arrives anonymously on New Year's Day, a family of four is puzzled, but as they continue to receive one penguin each day their problems--and food budget, and storage issues--are multiplied.

While I do not think problem solving should be exploited every time you see a number in a book (an inherent danger with linking lit and math) the scenarios in this book are too good to pass up. Here are just a few of the possibilities. Quotes are from the book. The ensuing problems are mine.

  • “At the end of January, there were thirty-one penguins in the house.”
Problem Solve: If penguins continue arriving at this rate, how many penguins will there be in another week? Two weeks? At the end of February?

  • The family organizes the penguins in triangular stacks to discover that “Four times fifteen equals sixty!”
Problem Solve: What other equal groups could you put the penguins in? (Exploring factors of 60.)

  • On the following page, yet another penguin arrives, making it sixty “Plus one!"
Problem Solve: Can you put the 61 penguins into equal groups? Why or why not? (Exploring prime and odd/even numbers)

  • The penguins must be fed. "Each penguin ate 2.5 pounds of fish per day. A pound costs 3 dollars..."
Problem Solve: By this time, there are 100 penguins. How much does it cost to feed them? How much more will it cost in a month if they continue arriving at this rate? How much will food cost for a year? 

  • Penguins must be organized. Again! The family makes space for 12 boxes of 12 penguins. 
Problem Solve: How many total penguins will fit?

  • Penguins are organized into a cube of 6 x 6 x 6 penguins for storage.

Problem Solve: Now how many penguins?

On December 31st, the 365 guests gather. Uncle Victor arrives to take them away. Life begins to return to normal. Until the doorbell rings with ANOTHER DELIVERY! (I'll let you read the book to find out what happens! It's funny.)

This would make a great living book for math workboxes! It's also going to solve one of my Christmas problems...what to give my 8yo? Shhhhh...he's getting one for Christmas. ;)

*If you order QUICK you could also get the 24 Penguins Before Christmas: A 365 Penguins Advent Calendar. I haven't seen it but it got stunning reviews.

What Penrose and Gurzadyan have rediscovered is the WMAP excess at L=40

...the abundance of all other patterns ("random concentric circles") they may be observing statistically coincides with the standard WMAP prediction...

I have been making more explicit and quantitative calculations of the claims by Penrose and Gurzadyan and I finally understood what they actually see.

The explanation why the effect is there remains mysterious but what the effect actually is, in the usual terminology of cosmologists, is totally clear to me now. First, let us ask what is the spacing of their concentric circles.



Click to zoom in.

The graph above is borrowed from their paper. There are several similar graphs in the paper. You may see that the apparent radii of the concentric circles may be estimated as 4°, 9°, 14°, 19°. So the spacing between the concentric circles' radii as seen in the skies is 5° or so.




Imagine that these "waves" with periodicity 5° are repeated across the sphere. How many periods can you get? Well, that's easy to calculate. There are 180° between a pole - the center of the concentric circles - and the antipodal point on the sphere. And because 180/5=36, there will be around 36 concentric circles.

The angular separation is arguably a bit smaller than 5°, so we will say that there are 40 concentric circles or 40 periods on the sphere. Now imagine that you put the center of the concentric circles at theta=0 of spherical coordinates and decompose the WMAP temperature anomaly into spherical harmonics.

See also Why Penrose and Gurzadyan cannot possibly "see" beyond the spherical harmonics.

Which spherical harmonics will be elevated because of this periodicity?



For your convenience, here you have the theta-dependence of the L=40 spherical harmonics for M=0,1,2,3,4,5 (much higher values of M lead to functions that nearly vanish near the pole - near the center of concentric circles). The spherical harmonics are multiplied by sqrt(sin(theta)) to make the amplitude pretty much constant. Don't overlook that there are roughly 40 local extrema (20+20) between theta=0 and theta=pi.

It's not hard to see the answer. They will be the L=40 spherical harmonics. Note that e.g. the L=40, M=40 spherical harmonic has 40 periods around the equator - because of the exp(40.i.phi) factor. However, Penrose and Gurzadyan have drawn a "temperature variance" (essentially the sum of "(T_{point}-T_{average})^2" over all points in the rings) which is proportional to the squared amplitudes: note that the y-axis of their graph has non-negative values. That's why there will really be 80 periods around the circle or 40 periods - concentric circles - per 180°.

(Of course, the real WMAP spherical harmonics will include mixtures with different values of M, and possibly L that slightly differ from L=40, so there won't be a single center - Matti! - but there will still be the characteristic wave number seen in the patterns.)

Once again, if there are concentric circles in the temperature variance whose radii differ by multiples of slightly less than 5°, then they predict that the L=40 or so spherical harmonics should be amplified.

Well, let's look at the decomposition of the WMAP temperature variations into the spherical harmonics to see whether this prediction works out correctly.



Click to zoom in.

The black Φ-shaped symbols are the datapoints extracted from the WMAP observations. The red curve is a theoretical model. In general, you see a very nice agreement between the theory and the data up to L=900 or so. In particular, you may check the "acoustic peaks", especially the first one at L=221. These peaks appear as results of sound waves that propagated through the cosmic plasma before the microwave background was born at the age of 350,000 years; see a review of baryon acoustic oscillations.

However, there are also several points that don't work too well. The spherical harmonics with L=5 or less have too unsatisfactory statistics and other reasons why they don't agree too accurately.

But you may also see a deficit (black symbols below the red curve) at L=22 or so, and an even more significant (relatively to the uncertainty band) excess at L=40 or so. Can you see it? On the x-axis, check the points L=10 and L=100 and how the interval between them is separated to 9 pieces with the spacing delta L=10. You can find L=40 now, can't you?

So this small bump - the single black data point above the red curve near L=40 - is exactly what Penrose and Gurzadyan have observed and interpreted in their crazy "alternative" way.

Now, the L=40 point shows a visible discrepancy but it is a part of the values of L that are otherwise beautifully explained by the standard Big Bang cosmology, combined with the initial conditions produced by the cosmic inflation. The L=40 is just a single black swan, if you wish. The graph above also puts the Penrose-Gurzadyan "discovery" to its proper modest place. It's just a single deviation from a curve that beautifully agrees with the theory - and that's totally ignored by Penrose and Gurzadyan.

The observed, black curve really looks "discontinuous" near L=40. No "continuous" model can explain the L=40 excess naturally. It is apparently not an "acoustic peak" of a similar type as the peak at "L=221" (thanks, Tobias, for having spotted the typo!).

Penrose and Gurzadyan are not the first one who have noticed the L=40 peak (in their case, they just noticed something equivalent to it). For example, in 2003 and 2004, Stacy McGaugh has noticed the excess at L=40, too. See her figure 7 in particular. The L=40 peak is gigantic, indeed.

See also Mortonson et al. 2009 for an attempt to find an inflationary explanation of the L=40 bump (and the related L=40 dip). The original papers that identified these features are listed in the paper:
[17] S. Hannestad, JCAP 0404, 002 (2004), astro-ph/0311491.

[18] A. Shafieloo and T. Souradeep, Phys. Rev. D70, 043523 (2004), astro-ph/0312174.

[19] P. Mukherjee and Y. Wang, Astrophys. J. 599, 1 (2003), astro-ph/0303211.

[20] A. Shafieloo, T. Souradeep, P. Manimaran, P. K. Panigrahi, and R. Rangarajan, Phys. Rev. D75, 123502 (2007), astro-ph/0611352.

[21] G. Nicholson and C. R. Contaldi (2009), arXiv:0903.1106.
Clearly, if you want a satisfactory theory not only of the single peak but also the whole curve, you must continue to work with the standard cosmology - that explains the rest of the curve - and abandon the whole crackpottish explanation by Penrose and Gurzadyan.

I wonder whether someone knows where the L=40 peak comes from physically. Because the L-dependence seems so discontinuous near L=40, I actually feel that it could make sense to describe the extra effect in terms of additional concentric circles just like the two authors did. However, what surely doesn't make sense is to treat this little L=40 bump as the "zeroth order" hint about the right theory of our cosmic origins and the rest of the WMAP graph, correctly predicted by TBBT cosmology, as a detail to be added to Penrose's divine visions. ;-)

And that's the memo.



Bonus I



This is the WMAP spectral graph above, including the L=40 bump, as seen and presented by the "science journalists". All the context and sensible quantitative perspective on the "big picture" is totally erased and an infinitesimal bump is suddenly promoted to a proof that "upends" inflationary cosmology if not the Big Bang theory itself. ;-)

Most people are just way too gullible.



Bonus II

I have also tried to reverse-engineer their thinking a little bit. In my guess, they decided that there were "circles" in the WMAP picture at the beginning, and then they were trying to find them by slightly more quantitative methods described in the article. If that is so, it is pretty much impossible to see the excess at L=40 with "bare eyes".

It would mean that even though the L=40 modes dominate the pictures they're showing (Figure 2 and 4 in particular), they had to be originally attracted by some more common features of the WMAP picture that doesn't depend on the L=40 bump. And they simply incorrectly calculated the typical frequency of the concentric circles as predicted by the smooth model - the version of the "red" acoustic WMAP curve.

It's even my guess that they have incorrectly assumed that the WMAP temperatures at random places in the skies are distributed as a "white noise", with different points being independent from each other. Of course, this naive model is instantly falsified at almost any confidence level - which they may have interpreted as seeing statistical deviations from the Big Bang model.

In reality, they would have only seen the falsification of a (their) completely naive "white noise" model of the WMAP temperatures. The actual temperature variations in the WMAP data exhibit lots of autocorrelations at longer wavelengths - which may inevitably be interpreted as waves of segments of concentric circles (or at least their arcs).

It's pretty much obvious that there can't exist any similar "qualitative patterns" - such as the excess of some random concentric circles - that wouldn't be captured in the WMAP spectral graph as a function of L. Any pattern similar to "concentric circles" would always manifest itself as a rather simple feature of the spherical harmonics components.

So they don't use the standard spherical harmonics; and they don't have a robust enough statistical methodology that would allow them to say whether the abundance of their circles is unusual or not - relatively to the smooth Big Bang model. (Their starting point is really to "deny" the whole Big Bang theory so they couldn't possibly used the right spectral curve - with the right L-profile and acoustic peaks - to make the relevant statistical comparisons.)

At any rate, the paper describes no genuine new effect and the statement that they have actually been able to see the excess of the L=40 concentric circles may turn out to be too flattering.

Susskind on supersymmetry, grand unification, and string theory

If you have one thousand spare minutes and an iDevice, you may open iTunes (not App Store!) in your iDevice and search for
Supersymmetry, Grand Unification, and String Theory,
a sequence of ten 100-minute lectures (for free) delivered by Leonard Susskind to the Stanford Continuing Studies Program. They uploaded it to iTunes in July 2010.




Each lecture is about 300 megabytes in size. It may take ten minutes to be downloaded. If you carefully listen to those one thousand minutes of talk, you may be as informed about advanced high-energy physics as an average Californian janitor who continues to educate herself.

Sunday, November 28, 2010

Climate conference is beginning in Cancún

One year after the farce in Copenhagen, the climate negotiators have sacrificed themselves and decided to meet again, namely in Cancún, Mexico.






They will live at the Moon Palace resort: see Google images.



You know, they must really care about the planet if they agree to spend twelve days in this place.



As Tom Nelson has found out, Andrew Weaver, a top Canadian IPCC member, retired with a bottle of Jack Daniel's. The beverage has slightly reduced his climate hallucinations but now he thinks that he is getting calls from the dinosaurs and that the right conservative government should be composed of communists only.

Hundreds of such hopeless drunkards are being sent to luxurious resorts several times a year.

Climate fascists in Cancún want to introduce rationing

Global warming alarmism is now such a serious threat to mankind that climate change "experts" are calling for Second World War-style rationing in rich countries to "bring down carbon emissions" i.e. to cripple the wealth of the mankind.



Egg ration stamps, Czechoslovakia, 1947-1948

Rationing is normally introduced to distribute rare products or commodities. In most cases, it has to be employed because of wars and the food shortages they bring with them. For a generic citizen (who survives), rationing is one of the most painful results of a war. That's why the people who are calling for rationing should be treated as war criminals.

Eco-Nazi inkspiller named Louise Gray of The Telegraph broke the story two days ago.

She dishonestly tried to present the unhinged radical communist guerillas, who also want to stop any growth in the developed world for 20 years and who are spending two weeks in a luxurious resort, as "scientists". Well, they're not scientists in any sense. They're despicable war criminals. There is clearly no need for rationing these days.

What is needed is to protect the world that currently works well from the dangerous parasites such as those "scientists".

Saturday, November 27, 2010

Islamist Anjem Choudary admits communicating for terrorism in USA

Another bomb plot another Mohamed


This time it is Mohamed Osman Mohamud a real piece of crap Somali Islamist.

This is the kind of attack I've been expecting and which I predict, when it is "successful" will start a real war.

Weekend Cooking: The Heart-Smart Diabetes Kitchen by CanolaInfo + Giveaway!

Weekend Cooking is a link up event hosted by Beth Fish Reads. Anyone with any kind of food related post can link up, including food book reviews.

I have lots of cookbooks to review so every Saturday for the next little while I hope to post a cookbook review and link up to Weekend Cooking. Some will include giveaways and most will include a sample recipe from the book.

The Heart-Smart Diabetes Kitchen: Fresh, Fast and Flavorful Recipes Made with Canola Oil by CanolaInfo.org and The American Diabetes Association

Stars: ***1/2

American Diabetes Association (2009)
222 pages
Colour Photos

Summary:  Bring the taste of fresh, natural ingredients and wholesome meals to your table. Featuring 151 recipes made with canola oil—one of the healthiest cooking oils available—you will be serving dishes that are low in saturated fat and cholesterol but high in flavor in no time. It’s just what the doctor, and your inner chef, ordered. - from Amazon.com

I am not Diabetic nor do I have heart problems but I'm always for cooking healthier and Diabetes and Heart Disease runs in our families. This cookbook is by CanolaInfo.org so of course every recipe is made with Canola Oil and the book touts the benefits of it but this was all fine with me. I wanted to know more about oils and Canola Oil is a healthier choice.

Before the recipes, there is an introduction section with lots of information such as:
  • Top 10 Rules for Healthy Living
  • Fat Facts and Comparison of Dietary Fats
  • Eating Fresh
  • Making Meals Faster
  • Fast Facts About Canola
  • Making Food Flavourful
  • Herbs/Spices from Different Cultures
The recipes themselves are divided into Breakfast, Lunch, Appetizers, Salads, Sides, Entrees (Seafood, Poultry, Pork, Beef and Meatless) and Desserts.

Not every recipe has an accompanying photo but the photos that are in the book are all full colour.

Pros:
  • Colour Photos
  • Sections Colour Coded so you can easily find the sections
  • Every recipe includes Nutritional Facts
  • Easy to follow instructions
  • Some recipes have flavour tips.
Cons:
  • Not Colour Photos on every recipe
  • Many recipes have ingredients that are are bit unusual (Marsala Wine, Adobo Sauce, Wasabi Powder, Capers, Edamame....) This would have been better if they offered ideas of more usual ingredients you could substitute.
  • As a fairly picky eater, almost every recipe had something I don't like in it. I'm pretty good at making substitutions personally. I rarely make a recipe exactly as it states. But if you aren't good at doing that yet, you may not make many of the recipes.
This recipe book would be best for those who like food from a variety of different cultures, with strong tastes or who aren't afraid to try something completely new. I don't think kids would enjoy many of these recipes unless they were used to these types of foods from early on. 

I'd like to share a recipe I tried and enjoyed from the book. As I said before I don't follow recipes exactly so first I'll reprint the recipe as is and then I'll state the changes I made.

Please note I have permission to reprint this recipe and the recipe is © 2009 CanolaInfo. You can save it for personal use but do not reprint.

Drunken Beef Goulash
Yield: 4 Servings      Serving Size: 1 cup

Adding a can of beer instead of water or other liquids to this hearty dish gives it personality and a subtle pub-like taste and aroma.

Canola Oil Cooking Spray
1 tablespoon canola oil
3/4 tb trimmed beef stew meat, cut into 1-inch pieces
1 cup chopped onions
1 cup chopped green pepper
1 package (8 ounces) sliced mushrooms
1 can (12 ounces) lager beer
2 tablespoons Worchestershire sauce
1/2 teaspoon dried oregano leaves
1/2 of 6-ounce can tomato paste
1-11/4 teaspoon sugar
1/2 teaspoon salt

1. Spray a 31/2 or 4-quart slow cooker with cooking spray.

2. Heat canola oil in a large nonstick skillet over medium-high heat. Add beef and cook until browned on the edges, about 4 minutes, stirring frequently. Place in the slow cooker and top with onions, pepper, and mushrooms.

3. Add half of beer, Worcestershire sauce, oregano and tomate paste. Cook and stir for 30 seconds until well blended. Add to slow cooker with remaining beer. Cover tightly and cook on high setting 41/2 - 5 hours or on low setting 9-10 hours until beef is very tender. Add sugar and salt and let stand for 15 minutes for flavors to blend.

Flavorful Tip: Trim the fat off the beef chuck. Using canola oil instead of the beef fat reduces saturated fat and gives the beef a rich brown color. If desired, serve this dish over 2 cups prepared frozen mashed potatoes, omitting any salt or fat.

Calories 195
Calories from fat 65
Total Fat 7.0 g
Saturated Fat 1.3g
Trans fat 0.0g
Cholesterol 40mg
Sodium 370 mg
Total Carbohydrate 17g
Dietary Fiber 3g
Sugars 9g
Protein 17g

Exchanges Per Serving
1/2 carbohydrate
2 vegetable
2 lean meat
1/2 fat


Changes I Made: I didn't use a slow cooker, I used a wok type frying pan. I never measure exactly the meat and veggies so I just added a can of mushrooms and the amount of meat that was good for my family. I used Labatt Blue beer as that's what I had.  It was really good though. I was leery to cook with beer as I wasn't comfortable cooking with alcohol at all but after being reassured that the alcohol would burn off for sure, I tried it.

At the Heart Smart website, you can find more sample recipes as well as some of the Heart Facts and Fat Facts from the introduction and more.

Links of Interest: Canola Info, Canola Info Cooks Blog, CanolaInfo on Twitter, Canola Info on Facebook,

Other Reviews: NONE YET

Buy Heart-Smart Diabetes Kitchen at amazon.com and support SMS Book Reviews

GIVEAWAY CLOSED - Winners Chosen

Thanks to CanolaInfo I have two copies of the Heart-Smart Diabetes Kitchen to giveaway to two lucky winners in the U.S. or Canada.

Penrose's CCC cosmology is either inflation or gibberish

Concentric circles, if real (which is unlikely), may come from cosmic strings or domain walls that were "exploding" during inflation
See also a new article:

What Penrose and Guzardyan have rediscovered is the L=40 bump in the WMAP data
Vahe Gurzadyan of Yerevan and Roger Penrose of Oxford have submitted an ambitious preprint,
Concentric circles in WMAP data may provide evidence of violent pre-Big-Bang activity (arXiv).
Echo chamber: BBC, UPI, Science News, Phys Org, Pop Sci, IO9.com, Physics World, Phil Gibbs
The authors claim that some concentric circles observed in the WMAP 7-year data at the 6-sigma confidence level provide us with evidence supporting Penrose's idiosyncratic version of pre-Big-Bang cosmology. (Their arithmetics clearly has to be checked by a serious person because 6-sigma corresponds to the 2 x 10^{-9} probability rather than 10^{-7} as they state.)



For a couple of years, Penrose has been saying that there was a period of cyclic events when the Universe was much smaller than it is today. The model is called Conformal Cyclic Cosmology (CCC).




Well, the word "model" is exaggerated. Instead of equations or any quantitative definition of what was happening before the Big Bang according to Roger Penrose, you have to live with Roger Penrose's smile and vague handwaving.

Causal diagrams

There exists one important tool to determine the possible causal relationships between any pair of events in any curved spacetime. When we talk about the newest inventions by Roger Penrose, it must sound as a complete coincidence that the tool is called the Penrose diagram. It's a picture depicting a 1+1-dimensional geometry that differs from a particular 1+1-dimensional curved spacetime by a local Weyl rescaling (metric(x,t) goes to metric(x,t) times const(x,t)).

This simple rescaling doesn't modify the two-dimensional "angles" - well, more precisely, rapidities because we are talking about the geometries of the Minkowski signature. Consequently, the light-like lines may still be identified with all the lines whose slope is 45°. In this form, the Penrose diagrams are directly relevant for 1+1-dimensional geometries as well as higher-dimensional geometries with a rotational or symmetry powerful enough to describe the equivalence classes (orbits) of points in spacetime by 2 coordinates.

What is the Penrose diagram of the Big Bang?



Here it is. But you must erase everything below the horizontal "Big Bang" line. The Big Bang event at "t=0" is represented by a horizontal, i.e. space-like, boundary of the spacetime in this diagram. That's why there can't be anything before the Big Bang. What you see at "t=0" is the initial space-like singularity of the Universe.

This beginning of the Universe has serious consequences. Two events at "t=0" with different values of "x" couldn't have shared a common past. That's why it's hard imagine how they communicated about their need to have the same temperature - which is what we observe in the cosmic microwave background.

This so-called horizon problem was identified in the 1970s as an awkward feature of the Standard Model cosmology. It is not a straight inconsistency but it does suggest that the underlying theory needed some particular fine-tuning of the initial conditions to agree with the observed properties of the Universe, especially the nearly constant temperature of the microwave background across the skies.

In this sense, the horizon problem is analogous to the hierarchy problem in particle physics. They're not inconsistencies but they're proofs of some arrangements that should have an explanation but the existing theories don't explain them.



Completely off-topic: "Horehronie" (Countryside around upper Hron river) by Kristina was the 2010 Slovakia's representative in Eurovision and remains a hit both in Slovakia and Czechia

The horizon problem, together with the flatness problem and other problems, was solved by the inflationary cosmology in 1981. Alan Guth was playing with the Higgs fields in cosmology when he discovered their ability to do something that turned out to be far more important than his original motivation. The Higgs fields optimized for the new job were renamed as inflatons. Their potential was improved and flattened a little bit.

These scalar fields may sit near the maximum of their potential for quite some time. While they're doing so, the Universe is expanding exponentially - much like the current Universe is expanding due to the cosmological constant. However, the temporary cosmological constant coming from the inflaton field - which was driving the inflationary expansion - was greater by dozens of orders of magnitude than the current cosmological constant.

What happens with the Penrose diagram? Well,



the horizontal line that used to be the boundary of the spacetime is no longer a boundary. The Penrose diagram gets hugely expanded into what would be previously called negative values of "t". It doesn't become infinitely long but it becomes long enough; the length of the Penrose diagram is given by the number of e-folding in inflation. The events at "t=0" with different values of "x" do share a common past. Inflation explains why different directions in the skies can have the same temperature of the microwave background.

It also explains why the spatial section of the Universe is so accurately flat and why the size and the mass of the Universe are so much bigger than the Planck length and the Planck mass. Everything boils down to the exponentials arising from the exponential de-Sitter-like expansion in the inflationary era.

Conformal Cyclic Cosmology

Now, inflation obviously solves the problems it claims to solve and whoever claims it doesn't simply doesn't understand physics too well. By completely irrational arguments (that also included crazy Carroll-like nonsense about the arrow of time), Penrose has been criticizing inflation for decades. Did he propose his own picture to extend the Big Bang theory?

Well, his recent creation is called the conformal cyclic cosmology (CCC). It also extends the Penrose diagram to the eon before the Big Bang. However, Penrose won't tell you what the actual proper distances are in the new portions of his spacetime. If he had done so, he would be forced to admit that the geometry is identical to inflation - exponentially growing proper distances: it is the only conceivable solution.

Instead, he only tells you what the conformal structure of the spacetime - and the Weyl tensor, the part of the Riemann tensor that only depends on the conformal structure (i.e. that is invariant under the Weyl rescalings) - is. Is that enough?

Well, it would be enough if he had a theory whose Lagrangian - or other basic equations - don't depend on the metric but only depend on the conformal structure (the metric modulo its scaling at each spacetime point). However, as you may guess, he doesn't have anything like that.

In most physical theories, the whole metric tensor - and not just the conformal structure - is essential to construct realistic actions which are essential to describe physics of the systems we know. You need the metric tensor to provide you with the upper indices to contract the lower indices from the derivatives in the Lagrangian. You need it for other things, too. Proper distances are physical.



While the electromagnetic field is classically scale-invariant, massive fields are clearly not: they have privileged proper distance scales. For example, the electron field is associated with the Compton wavelength of the electron. This is true for any other scale in particle physics. Even more universally, the Einstein-Hilbert action itself - the Lagrangian of general relativity - depends on the metric and not just the Weyl tensor.

It seems almost guaranteed that this dependence is not just an artifact of an approximation. Holography shows that the information that can be concentrated into a volume is bounded by the proper surface of this volume in the Planck units. The proper distances (and areas) matter.

In the context of CCC, you have two options: you either insist on the existence of the metric tensor, including the scaling, at each point. Then you are obviously led to the inflationary geometry as the right and natural answer: Penrose would "rediscover" inflation. (Of course, it wouldn't be quite an independent "rediscovery".)

Or you say that the overall scaling of the metric is ill-defined. Then you don't have to conclude that you deal with inflation. However, you also don't have any theory that could continuously connect to the theories we know - the Standard Model and General Relativity - in which the proper distances and scales are clearly real and important. Penrose is clearly trying to obscure this fundamental point but he simply doesn't have a single glimpse of such a theory.

Inflation could predict concentric circles

Let us look at the simple picture again:



The way how the pre-Big-Bang evolution could imply the existence of concentric circles is totally obvious: there is a world line of an object that is doing something periodic in the pre-Big-Bang eon (before what used to be called "t=0"). The outgoing future light cones of these periodic events are imprinted into the microwave background and displayed as concentric circles. This explanation is so obvious that I won't waste more time with it.

However, you see that as far as the causal structure goes, inflation is just perfect to explain such concentric circles. Gurzadyan and Penrose repeat about 10 times that the CCC is not inflation and there's no inflation in their model and that inflation couldn't explain the data. Nevertheless, they fail to mention that their model is either isomorphic to inflation or it is gibberish, and because of the identical causal structure, inflation has exactly as much capacity to explain the data as the CCC.

Well, indeed, the badly needed correction to their statements would sound as one of the Radio Yerevan jokes that Mr Gurzadyan of Yerevan must know very well. ;-)

Whether a particular inflationary model can give quantitatively satisfying predictions for such concentric circles requires a more accurate analysis. However, it is likely that the Gurzadyan-Penrose argument that inflation couldn't predict such concentric circles is incorrect. First, they correctly state that for inflation to predict such concentric circles, the source of the oscillations would have to occur many e-foldings before the end of the inflation.

Most non-uniformities that occur many e-foldings before the end of the inflation are indeed supposed to be flattened out and diluted. Perturbations of various fields decrease as powers of the size of the Universe. However, the exponents depend on the dimensions of the fields and other things.

The most general objects with the most general parameters embedded in inflation give the very same results as CCC - while the latter is incalculable. Gurzadyan and Penrose don't discuss the intensity of the concentric circles that the CCC predicts. If they had done so, it would be damn obvious that the problem is pretty much equivalent to the problem in inflation. Most likely, they would also get a brutal dilution out of the simplest models. But they are hiding behind the absence of any quantitative equations of the CCC, imposing the unjustified wishful thinking on their readers that the CCC can offer a better solution than inflation.

Extended cosmic objects may have the required longevity

I do agree that a simple enough inflation-like picture would probably tend to weaken the circles too much after many e-foldings. However, there could be explosions within inflation that could avoid the decay. The equation of state for the matter created in such explosions could have a negative pressure which would prevent it from decaying.

Recall the text Why and how energy is not conserved in cosmology to realize that the total mass stored in the dust is conserved and the total mass stored in positive-pressure types of matter such as radiation is decreasing as the Universe expands.

On the other hand, the total mass stored in negative-pressure forms of matter is increasing. The energy carried by the cosmological constant is an extreme example. But cosmic strings and cosmic domain walls have a negative pressure, too. So the total energy/mass carried by these objects is increasing as the Universe grows.

For the readers who care about the quantitative issues, strings have the stress energy tensor of the type "(+1,-1,0,0)rho" where the directions are time, space along the string, and transverse spatial directions. That's because the stress-energy tensor within the worldvolume is proportional to the metric tensor for the world sheet to preserve the internal Lorentz symmetry. No momentum components are flowing away from the world sheet so the transverse components vanish. By averaging over the directions in the 3D space, you get "(+1,-1/3,-1/3,-1/3)rho" for the cosmic strings, giving you "p=-rho/3". In the same way, membranes have "(+1,-1,-1,0)rho" or "p=-2.rho/3" after the isotropic averaging.

If you create an exploding cosmic string or a domain wall during the inflation and these objects are getting bigger, the total energy carried by these objects will increase with time and the local strength of the effect may stay pretty high.

At any rate, if Penrose and his collaborator preferred proper physics solutions of problems over tendentious non-quantitative bullshiting with the predetermined (and unjustified) goal to attack inflation, they would realize - like your humble correspondent - that the fact that the circles don't get too "weak" simply means that what is propagating is associated with objects with negative pressure such as cosmic strings and domain walls.

And that's the memo.



P.S.: I haven't made it sufficiently clear but I doubt that a new effect of the type they describe is really there in the data. One has to do a pretty sophisticated calculation to see whether some structures may appear as "chance". In particular, the WMAP data may be decomposed to the spherical harmonics labeled by "L,M" which depend on "L" in a well-known way.



This structure of the WMAP acoustic peaks, especially the largest first one, means that the temperature variations in 2 pieces of the skies are much more likely to be correlated if the points are separated by 1 degree than 2 degrees or 0.5 degrees.

Penrose et al. could have just seen the statistical signs of some "acoustic peaks" as a function of "L" - and "acoustic peaks" are well explained by the standard cosmological evolution. In my opinion, Penrose doesn't really understand these technical things about the Big Bang cosmology so he can't reliably determine whether he has discovered a "new effect".

Update: Penrose may see L=40 peak

I have thought about the acoustic peaks a bit more quantitatively and I think I know exactly what Penrose et al. see: they see concentric circles whose radii have periodicity 5° on the sky; see their paper. If you look at the graph above, you will see that 5° corresponds to L=40. And indeed, there is a small observed WMAP peak around L=40. The L=40 WMAP black datapoint is significantly above the red predicted curve, much like the L=22 peak is significantly below the red curve.

The "excessive" spherical harmonics with L=40 and low values of M will manifest themselves as concentric circles whose apparent (angular) radii differ by multiples of 5°. I don't know why there is exactly the deviation for L=40 but the graph above brings the effect to the perspective. It's just a tiny bump on a much stronger and more structured curve that is reproduced by the WMAP data and whose bulk is totally ignored by Penrose.